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Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation

NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS 1. List the items of food available to people in Harappan cities. Identify the groups who would have provided these. Ans: 2. How do archaeologists trace socio-economic differences in Harappan society? What are the differences that they notice? [Delhi, All India 2009, 2011] Ans: (a) Archaeologists trace socio-economic differences in Harappan society in the following ways: Burials Looking for “luxuries”. (b) The archaeologists have noticed the following differences in the socio-economic conditions in Harappan society : In the Harappan society, the dead were generally laid in pits. In some burial pits the hallowed-out spaces were lined with bricks. Some graves contain pottery and ornaments. In some instances the dead were buried with copper mirrors. Artefacts are divided into two categories – utilitarian and luxuries. The utilitarian objects are of daily use. These are made of ordinary materials such as stone an...

Chapter 2 Kings, Farmers and Towns Early States and Economies

 NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED 1. Discuss the evidence of craft production in Early Historic cities. In what ways is this different from the evidence from Harappan cities? Ans: Widespread and deep excavations in the early historic towns have not been possible due to the fact that these towns are still inhabited. In Harappan Civilisation, we have been fortunate enough that excavations have taken place widespread. Despite this shortcoming, we have found many artefacts in the historic towns. These throw light on the craftsmanship of those days. There are other evidences too, that throw light on the craftsmanship of those days. The salient features of such evidences are as follows: 1. From the sights the fine pottery bowls and dishes have been found. They are glossy too and we call them Northern Black Polished Ware. It looks they were used by the rich people. 2. There have also been evidence of ornaments, tools, weapons, vessels and figurines. There are a wide range of items...